The Impact of Obstacle on the Performance of Vehicular Ad hoc Network

A recent dissertation by an MSc Computing (Computing Network Engineering) looked at Vehicular Ad Hoc Network simulation for reducing traffic congestion and how obstacles effect the communication performance in the network.

The Impact of Obstacle on the Performance of Vehicular Ad hoc Network 

 Nuraddeen Ali Goni

Abstract 

Recently, Vehicular Ad hoc network (VANeT) has gain popularity due to the increase in vehicle safety and reducing traffic jam in urban and highway environment. Wireless Access for Vehicular Environment (WAVE) which is part of Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) protocol was developed to adapt to VANeT requirements to support vehicle communication and Intelligent Transport System (ITS). The dissertation focuses on simulating how obstacles affect the performance of VANeT communication. Communication takes place using Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-toInfrastructure (V2I) architecture with emphasis on Line of Sight (LOS) and Non-line of Sight (NLOS) transmission by the measuring total number of successful and unsuccessful packets decoded. The simulation was implemented using open source Veins framework which runs on OMNeT++ engine, coupled with SUMO which provides a realistic microsimulation for vehicles. The research is limited to Northampton town centre, Avenue and Park Campus surroundings. The environments were implemented with low, medium and high vehicle density with message broadcast throughout the simulation run time. Results generated were evaluated and analysed. Final results suggest that LOS and NLOS transmission play a role on different circumstances with regard to VANeT architecture and application. Finally, this project is the continuation of interim report written earlier.

Supervised by Dr Ali Al-Sherbaz


If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

A Predefined Channel Coefficients Library for Vehicle - to - Vehicle Communications

A Predefined Channel Coefficients Library for Vehicle - to - Vehicle Communications

Ahmad Al-Khalil; SJ Turner; Ali Al-Sherbaz






Presented at: 9th International Workshop on Communication Technologies for Vehicles: Nets4Cars-2015-Fall, 5-7 October, Munich, Germany, At Munich - Germany

Paper can be found at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282650794_A_Predefined_Channel_Coefficients_Library_for_Vehicle_-_to_-_Vehicle_Communications

Abstract
It is noticeable that most of VANETs communications tests are assessed through simulation. In a majority of simulation results, the physical layer is often affected by an apparent lack of realism. Therefore, vehicular channel model has become a critical issue in the field of intelligent transport systems (ITS). To overcome the lack of realism problem, a more robust channel model is needed to reflect the reality. This paper provides an open access, predefined channel coefficients library. The library is based on 2x2 and 4x4 Multiple – Input – Multiple – Output (MIMO) systems in V2V communications, using a spatial channel model extended SCME which will help to reduce the overall simulation time. In addition, it provides a more realistic channel model for V2V communications; considering: over ranges of speeds, distances, multipath signals, sub-path signals,
different angle of arrivals, different angle departures, no line of sight and line of sight. An intensive evaluation process has taken place to validate the library and acceptance results are produced. Having an
open access predefined library, enables the researcher at relevant communities to test and evaluate several complicated vehicular communications scenarios in a wider manners with less time and efforts.

Paper can be found at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282650794_A_Predefined_Channel_Coefficients_Library_for_Vehicle_-_to_-_Vehicle_Communications



If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

Using VANET for Monitoring CO2 Emissions: a Case Study of Roads M1 and A4

Work by an MSc Student

Using VANET for Monitoring CO2 Emissions: a Case Study of Roads M1 and A45

Balasem Al-Isawi 

Abstract
Vehicular ad-hoc networks is an emerging technology from mobile ad-hoc networks, where vehicles serves as the mobile node. The number of vehicles is increasing by the hour and also the amount of emitted gasses from these vehicles into the environment. From this arise a need to control vehicles’ emissions and monitor these gases. This research tries to build a model to monitor CO2 emissions by using VANET communications between vehicles and roadside units (vehicle-to-infrastructure). The purpose of this model is to study the correlation between vehicles’ speed and acceleration on one side and traffic flow density on the other. The simulations used two roads in Northampton as a case study. 

The conduction of this research was guided by four main objectives. First to select a suitable mathematical emission model for the case study area. Then by running a series of simulations concluded a relation between speed and acceleration and CO2 emission levels. Also from the same simulations derive another relation between traffic flow densities and CO2 emission. The last objective is to observe the contribution of EU regulations regarding vehicles emissions reduction. 
Research findings conclude that driving behaviors can reduce CO2 emissions. The desired behavior is short acceleration time and fluent traffic flow. For the EU regulations the research noted that these regulations help with the reduction of CO2 emissions.

Supervisor: Dr Ali Al-Sherbaz


If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

IEEE 1609.4 for safety and non-safety messages dissemination in VANET

A recent paper by Dr Ali Al-Sherbaz in partnership with  College of Information Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq looks at a VANET protocol for safety and non-safety message dissemination.

Evaluation Study of IEEE 1609.4 Performance for safety and non-safety messages dissemination

Mina Alaa1, Mohammed A. Abdala2, Ali Al-Sherbaz3,

1,2Network Engineering Department, College of Information Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq 3Computing and Immersive Technologies Department, The University of Northampton, School of Science and Technology, Northampton, U.K.

International Journal of Enhanced Research in Science Technology & Engineering, ISSN: 2319-7463Vol. 3 Issue 11, November-2014, pp: (29-36)

Abstract

 The IEEE 1609.4 was developed to support multi-channel operation and channel switching procedure in order to provide both safety and non-safety vehicular applications. However, this protocol has some drawback because it does not make efficient usage of channel bandwidth resources for single radio WAVE devices and suffer from high bounded delay and lost packet especially for large-scale networks in terms of the number of active nodes. This paper evaluates IEEE 1609.4 multi-channel protocol performance for safety and non-safety application and compare it with the IEEE 802.11p single channel protocol. Multi-channel and single- channel protocols are analyzed in different environments to investigate their performance. By relying on a realistic dataset and using OMNeT++ simulation tool as network simulator, SUMO as traffic simulator and coupling them by employing Veins framework. Performance evaluation results show that the delay of single- channel protocol IEEE 802.11p has been degraded 36% compared with multi-channel protocol.

To see a full-text version of the paper go to: http://www.erpublications.com/uploaded_files/download/download_10_11_2014_17_35_37.pdf

If you'd like to find out more about Computing at the University of Northampton go to: www.computing.northampton.ac.uk. All views and opinions are the author's and do not necessarily reflected those of any organisation they are associated with

Evaluate and Analysis of MAC Protocols for VANET

Work presented Mina Alaa Hussien at Department of Computing and Immersive Technologies, School of Science and Technology, University of Northampton on 11th September 2014. Part of the on-going collaborative activities between the Department of Computing and Immersive Technologies and Iraqi universities.

The project aims to evaluate and analyse of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) to achieve high reliability and low delay delivery of safety related messages as well as provide QoS requirements for non-safety messages.

Supervisors:Assist. Prof. Dr. Mohammed A. Abdala
Dr. Ali Al-Sherbaz

Enhancing the Physical Layer in V2V Communication Using OFDM – MIMO Techniques

The following paper has recently being presented by Ahmad Al-Khalil at The 14th Annual PostGraduate Symposium on The Convergence of Telecommunications, Networking and Broadcasting (PGNET 2013) in Liverpool 24-25th June 2013.

Enhancing the Physical Layer in V2V Communication Using OFDM – MIMO Techniques

Ahmad Baheej Al-Khalil, Ali Al-Sherbaz, Scott Turner

School of Science and Technology 

The University of Northampton 

St. George Avenue, Northampton NN2 6JD 

{ahmad.al-khalil, ali.al-sherbaz, scott.turner}@northampton.ac.uk 

Abstract 
Vehicular Ad hoc network (VANET) has recently been attracting the attention of researchers as a new technology in the wireless communication system. Vehicle-to-vehicle V2V communication can be considered an important way to help the drivers to satisfy requirements such as less congestion, accident 
warning, road exploration, etc. The propagation issues such as multipath fading significantly affect the reliability of V2V 

The goal of this work is to enhance the performance of the physical layer PHY in V2V communication. However, the cellular phone channel has been used to evaluate the possibility of apply it in the vehicular communication V2V. The simulation results observed that the transmitted signal is affected by a 
multipath fading channel. In order to overcome this problem two techniques are used: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique and Multiple-Input-MultipleOutput (MIMO) diversity technique. The simulation results showed that the OFDM technique overcomes the multipath fading with high transmission power. On the other hand, MIMO diversity technique called Alamouti Space-Time Code for two transmitters and two receivers (MIMO 2x2) is used to improve the error degradation with less transmission power. 


The full text of the paper is available at: http://www.cms.livjm.ac.uk/pgnet2013/Proceedings/papers/1569763289.pdf

Supervisors
Dr Ali Al-Sherbaz
Dr Scott Turner
Dr Yinghui Zhang